中国近零能耗建筑研究和实践

Nearly zero energy building research and development in China

中国建筑节能工作自1986年起,经过30年的不断努力,已经完成20世纪80年代提出的"30—50—65"三步节能规划和设想。目前,推动建筑物迈向近零能耗是全球节能减排和响应气候变化的重要措施。本文分析了建筑节能的国际趋势和中国特殊国情,介绍了中国近零能耗建筑的应用实践和标准编制情况,分析了技术瓶颈,提出建筑节能标准2016—2030的新三步走设想,即"低能耗节能标准、超低能耗节能标准、近零能耗节能标准"。

Till 2016, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development had already accomplished the goal of building energy efficiency proposed in the 1980s, to upgrade the building energy codes in three steps of raising energy efficiency by ＂30-50-65＂ with the state in the 1980s as the baseline. Recently, the goal of building nearly zero energy becomes the main solution of global warming and climate change. This paper reviews the latest international trend of nearly zero energy building and analyzes the special condition in China. The guideline and standards/codes and the best practice of nearly zero energy building are analyzed, together with the bottleneck of the key technologies. At last, the envisage of New Three Steps of building energy efficiency from 2016 to 2030 are proposed, which are ＂Low Energy Building, Ultra-low Energy Building and Nearty Zero Energy Building＂.