北冰洋核心区公海渔业资源共同治理问题研究

On the Co-governance of Fishing Activities on the High Seas in the Central Arctic Ocean

气候变暖导致北冰洋海冰持续融化,北极海域由常年冰封转变为部分无冰状态,鱼类及海洋生物资源向高纬度移动使该海域形成新的渔场,由此,渔业资源成为北极治理的重要议题。目前,相关国际公约、国家间双边和多边协定及区域性渔业管理组织未能实现对该海域渔业资源的善治,现有合作机制存在局限性。未来可通过利益攸关方的共同参与,建立联合科研平台,达成专门管理商业捕捞的国际协议,实现该海域渔业资源的共同治理。作为北冰洋渔业活动的利益攸关方,中国持续关注该海域公海渔业资源治理发展动态,加强同域内外国家的合作,应积极参与制定该区域渔业资源国际协议,重视该海域海洋生物资源的养护管理和可持续利用,充分发挥北极理事会观察员身份的作用,积极探索参与北冰洋核心区公海渔业资源共同治理的有效路径。

Climate change is melting the Arctic sea ice. As fishes and other marine living resources are moving to higher latitudes, the Arctic sea may become a new fishing ground, making fishing an important issue in Arctic governance. At present, international conventions, bilateral and multilateral agreements, and regional fisheries management organization have not achieved good governance of fishing, and cooperative regimes still remain deficient. In the future, stakeholders should join hands in building scientific research platforms, and formulate an international agreement for Arctic commercial fisheries, and realize common governance. As a stakeholder in Arctic fishing activities, China should participate in the formulation of regional fisheries agreement and pay close attention to the governance development. Meanwhile, China should enhance cooperation with states in and outside the Arctic region, improve the sustainable exploitation of Arctic fishery resources, perform its duties as an observer in Arctic Council, so as to witness the future efficient common governance of high seas fishing in the Central Arctic Ocean.