抗登革病毒化学药物研究进展

Research Progress of Chemical Drugs Against Dengue Virus

登革热是由埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊传播的一种重要虫媒病毒引起的疾病。登革病毒感染能够引起登革热、登革出血热和登革休克综合征等多种症状。迄今为止尚无抗登革病毒药物上市。研发中的药物按照作用机制可分为抗登革病毒的复制周期抑制剂和对抗宿主的宿主因子抑制剂两大类。依据作用靶点不同,前者又进一步分为登革病毒进入抑制剂、衣壳蛋白抑制剂、NS3蛋白抑制剂、NS5蛋白抑制剂、NS4B蛋白抑制剂;后者分为细胞受体抑制剂、脂类合成及代谢途径抑制剂、葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂。目前抗登革病毒的药物研发仍面临巨大挑战,研发作用于登革病毒4种血清型的有效药物具有广阔的应用前景,必将为登革热的防治带来新希望。

Dengue fever is one of the most important vector-borne human diseases caused by mosquito vector Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Dengue virus can cause dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. There are no ap- proved drugs for the treatment of dengue disease so far. According to the mechanism of anti-dengue virus （anti-DENV） action, drugs under development for dengue disease can be divided into two categories ： viral replication inhibitors and anti-cell factor path- way inhibitors. The former is further divided into DENV entry iuhibitors, capsid protein inhibitors, NS3 protein inhibitors, NS5 protein inhibitors, and NS4B protein inhibitors; the latter is further divided into cell receptor inhibitors, lipid synthesis and metabolism inhibitors, and glucosidase inhibitors. The R＆D of anti-DENV drugs is facing enormous challenges. Development of ef- fective drugs which can be used for the treatment of four serotypes of dengue has a broad application prospect, and it will bring new hopes for dengue fever prevention and therapy.