纳米粒载体研发及其对生物效应影响的研究进展

Research Progress of Nanoparticle Carriers and Their Biological Effects

近年来,纳米粒作为药物载体在药剂领域得到广泛应用,特别是对一些难溶性和毒副作用大的药物,设计出不同的纳米药物载体可以达到增加溶解度和靶向治疗目的。纳米靶向给药系统可将药物特异性递送到靶部位,实现药物的控制释放,从而提高药物的生物利用度和疗效并减少毒副作用。纳米粒载体的性质不同,其在体内的生物效应是不同的。笔者对近年来各种聚合物材料制成的纳米粒大小,表面性质对体内的分布影响及常用的纳米粒载体在体内遇到的障碍,靶向纳米粒设计思路和其生物效应的研究进展进行综述。

In recent years, nanoparticle as drug carriers have been widely used in the pharmaceutical field. For some poorly solu- ble drugs or drugs with strong toxicity and side effects, the design of different nano drug carriers can help achieve improved solubility and targeted therapy. The nano targeted drug delivery system can deliver drug specifically to the target sites and realize controlled release of drugs, thereby increasing the bioavailability and efficacy of drugs and reducing the toxicity and side effects. In this paper, the recent progress in studies on the design of nanoparticles, their biological effects, and their application in the field of medicine are reviewed.