低压微润灌溉对日光温室小气候及番茄生长特性的影响

Effect of Low Pressure Oistube-irrigation on Microclimate and Tomato Growth Characteristics in Greenhouse

以番茄为试材,研究了低压微润灌溉对日光温室小气候及番茄生长特性的影响,以明确低压微润灌溉在南疆地区设施大棚内的适宜性。结果表明:微润灌溉条件下的地温变化较滴灌稳定,变幅较小。番茄苗期至坐果期微润灌溉的地温普遍较滴灌高2.98℃,而在坐果期至成熟期则较滴灌低2.03℃。微润灌溉分别较滴灌的室内温度增加2.63℃,湿度降低11.2个百分点。微润灌溉的番茄根系直径、茎粗分别较滴灌增加19.30%和14.50%,而滴灌主根长及主根系数量分别较微润灌提高13.80%和11.29%。微润灌溉的番茄长势要好于滴灌,尤其是在苗期至坐果期可加快番茄株高生长,在一定程度上能够增加番茄须根数量及茎粗,但对主根长和主根系数量具有一定的抑制作用。

Tomato was used as test material, the effects of low pressure oistube-irrigation on greenhouse microclimate and field tomato growth characteristics were studied. To explore the suitability of low pressure oistube-irrigation of facilities greenhouse. The results showed that the change of oistube-irrigation ground temperature was more stable than that of drip-irrigation; the ground temperature of tomato seedling-fruit stage was 2. 98 ℃ higher than that of drip-irrigation and 2. 03 ℃ lower than that of drip-irrigation in fruit-mature period. Oistube-irrigation had a positive effect on regulating the solar greenhouse microclimate,increasing indoor temperature by 2. 63 ℃ and humidity by 11.2 percentage point compared with drip-irrigation, respectively. The root diameter and stem diameter of oistube-irrigation were 19. 30% and 14. 50% higher than that observed in drip-irrigation. However, the main root length and quantity of drip-irrigation increased by 13. 80% and 11.29 %. Oistube-irrigation increased tomato growth trend especially at the stage of seedling-fruit. Oistube-irrigation increased the diameter of the stem and quantity of fibrous root of tomato, but it inhibited the length and quantity of main root.