不同沼渣有机肥对温室黄瓜产量和品质的影响

Effects of Different Types of Biogas Organic Manures on Yield and Quality of Cucumber Grown in Solar Greenhouse

以唐山秋黄瓜新品种"秋分一号"为试材,在同等土壤肥力条件下,设置沼渣有机肥、沼渣生物菌肥、沼渣生物有机肥3种施肥处理,以普通化肥为对照(CK),测定了不同施肥处理条件下黄瓜商品瓜率、产量和品质性状,以比较研究不同种类沼渣有机肥和普通化肥对日光温室黄瓜产量和品质性状的影响。结果表明:3种有机肥处理均能显著提高唐山秋黄瓜商品瓜率;与普通化肥(CK)相比,沼渣生物菌肥与沼渣生物有机肥处理显著提高了日光温室黄瓜的产量和维生素C、游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖及可溶性固形物含量,显著降低了硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量;沼渣有机肥维生素C和可溶性糖含量较对照有显著提高,硝酸盐含量较对照显著降低。沼渣生物菌肥处理产量比对照提高10.77%,商品瓜率提高5.00%,维生素C、游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖含量分别比对照提高28.57%、18.54%、16.00%、45.99%,硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量分别比对照降低35.29%和46.64%。经隶属函数法综合评价,认为不同施肥处理在提高黄瓜产量及果实品质方面的效果为沼渣生物菌肥>沼渣生物有机肥>沼渣有机肥>常规施肥(CK),以沼渣生物菌肥最优。综上分析,沼渣生物菌肥对提高黄瓜产量、品质和保护生态环境方面起到了重要作用。

Autumn cucumber ‘Qiufen No. 1＇ was used as test material. Under the same condition of soil, an experiment using four different treatments including biogas organic manure, biogas bio-bacterial manure, biogas bio-organic manure and common fertilizer （CK） was conducted to study the effects of different types of biogas organic manures and ordinary fertilizers on the yield and quality of cucumber grown in solar greenhouse. Yields, marketable fruit rates and quality characters of ‘Qiufen No. 1＇ were surveyed. The results showed that with the control of this study,all of 3 organic manure treatments Contrasted with common fertilizer （CK）, both biogas could improve the rate of marketable fruit significantly. bio-bacterial manure and biogas bio-organic manure improved the yields and qualities characters（including vitamin C, free amino acids, soluble proteins, soluble sugar and soluble solid） of ‘Qiufen No. 1’ significantly, and both of them reduced the contents of nitrite and nitrate significantly,too. But the treatment of biogas organic manure could only improve the contents of vitamin C and soluble sugar significantly,and reduce the content of nitrate significantly. Compared with common fertilizer （CK）, the yield of biogas bio-bacterial manure could be increased by 10. 77 %,the rate of marketable fruit of biogas bio- bacterial manure could be increased by 5. 00 %. The contents of vitamin C, free amino acids, soluble proteins and soluble sugar of biogas bio-bacterial manure could be increased by 28. 57%, 18. 54%, 16.00% and 45.99% respectively. The contents of nitrite and nitrate of biogas bio-bacterial manure could be reduced by 35.290% and 46. 64% ,respectively. The results of subordination function method of the effects of different types of biogas organic manures on the yield and quality as following： biogas bio-bacterial manure〉 biogas bio-organic manure biogas organic manure〉 common fertilizer （CK）. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the biogas bio-bacterial manure was better than others. The biogas bio-bacterial manure would play an important role in increasing yield, improving the quality of cucumber and protecting the ecological environment.