不锈钢/碳钢异种金属螺柱焊工艺优化及接头性能分析

Process Optimization of Stainless Steel and Carbon Steel Stud Welding and Properties Analysis of Welded Joint

分别以碳钢为基板材料,不锈钢为螺柱材料进行电容储能式螺柱焊接。采用粗视及弯曲试验相结合的校验方法对焊接工艺的成形效果进行评价,确定优选的工艺参数,并对优化工艺下的焊接接头微观组织及抗拉强度进行了研究。研究结果表明,本试验中优选的工艺参数为焊接电压100 V,螺柱伸出长度5 mm。在该工艺参数下焊接接头的抗拉强度可达376 MPa。焊缝组织主要由奥氏体及弥散分布的碳化物组成,热影响区主要由铁素体及弥散分布的碳化物组成,并含有少量的珠光体。焊缝及两侧熔合区均发生了C、Cr等元素的扩散。

The capacitance energy storage stud welding was carried out with carbon steel as base material, and stainless steel as stud material. The forming effect of welding process was evaluated by the combination of visual observation and bending test, and the optimal process parameters were determined. The microstructure and tensile strength of welded joint under the optimized process were studied. The results show that the optimum process parameters are welding voltage of 100 V, and the stud protruding length of 5 mm in this experiment. Under the optimized welding parameters, the tensile strength of welded joint is 376 MPa. The microstructure of the weld is mainly composed of austenite and dispersed carbides. The microstructure of heat affected zone is mainly composed of ferrite, dispersed carbides and a small amount of pearlite. The diffusion of C, Cr and other elements occurs in the weld and both sides of the fusion zone.