胸腺瘤患者术后辅助放疗效果的研究进展

Progress of study on effect of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy for patients with thymoma

胸腺瘤是侵袭性和持续性的非恶性肿瘤。手术治疗是目前广泛被认可的治疗方法,手术指征、长期预后、胸腺瘤术后放疗的效果等均不明确。一些回顾性研究指明了一个方向:对于第一阶段的胸腺瘤,手术完全切除即可;对于第二阶段的胸腺瘤,术后放疗还需要更进一步的指示。对于第三阶段和第四阶段的胸腺瘤,术后放疗具有重要的作用。研究表明,50 Gy剂量的放疗适用于微小肿瘤,而更高剂量的放疗则适合于较大的肿瘤。随着放疗技术的发展,其应用范围也逐渐扩大,但对于放疗在胸腺瘤治疗中到底具有怎样的作用和地位以及其最佳治疗方案是什么,这些问题需要慎重对待。

Thymoma is aggressive and persistent, but does not belong to malignant tumors. In treatments, their optimal treatment protocols still need to be studied and how about the role and the place of use of postoperative radiotherapy is not clear. Some retrospective studies indicate a direction： for the first stage of thymoma, it is adequately treated with complete resection alone. For the second stage of the thymoma, postoperative radiotherapy needs further indications. For the third and fourth stages of thymoma, postoperative radiotherapy plays an important role. A research shows that the radiation dose at 50 Gy is suitable for microscopic tumors, and higher dose of radiation is suitable for macroscopic tumors. With the development of radiotherapy technology, its application scope becomes larger and larger. What kind of the role and the place for radiotherapy in the treatment of thymoma and what is the optimal management of thymoma need to be treated prudently.