应对方式在合同制护士工作应激源与职业倦怠间中介效应分析

Mediating effect of coping styles between job stressors and job burnout among contract nurses

目的探讨合同制护士工作应激源、应对方式对职业倦怠的影响路径进行分析,为管理人员采取有效的干预措施提供理论基础。方法选取锦州市某三级甲等综合性医院在职的合同制护士450名,采用护士职业倦怠量表、工作压力源量表以及简易应对方式量表对其进行问卷调查,采用SPSS 21.0和AMOS 22.0进行统计分析。结果合同制护士职业倦怠、工作应激源、积极应对与消极应对总分值分别为(60.04±17.99)、(580.48±253.57)、(19.73±6.17)和(14.98±5.92)分;职业倦怠总分与工作应激、消极应对总分呈显著正相关(r=0.33、0.53,P<0.05),与积极应对总得分呈显著负相关(r=-0.28,P<0.05);多重线性回归分析结果显示,工作应激、消极应对显著正向预测职业倦怠,积极应对显著负向预测职业倦怠;路径分析结果显示,工作应激通过中介变量应对方式正向影响职业倦怠,中介效应占总效应的51.4%(0.218/0.424)。结论应对方式在工作应激和职业倦怠间起部分中介作用,可以根据影响路径各个环节制定干预措施来解决合同制护士职业倦怠问题,促进护理队伍整体的健康水平。

Objective To explore the impact of job stressors and coping styles on job burnout among contract nurses in order to provide scientific evidence for nursing managers to take intervention measures. Methods 450 nurses were selected and investigated with job burnout inventory, nurse job stressors questionnaire and simplified coping style questionnaire. SPSS21.0 and AMOS22.0 were used to conducted the path analysis. Results The total score of MB1, CNSS and SCSQ were （60.04 ± 17.99）, （580.48 ± 253.57）, （ 19.73± 6.17）, （14.98 ± 5.92） points respectively. Job burnout was significantly and positively correlated to job stressors and negative coping （r = 0.33, 0.53, all P 〈 0.05）, and negatively correlated to positive coping （r =- 0.28, P 〈0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that job stressors and negative coping could positively predict nurses＂ job burnout, and positively coping could negatively predict nurses＂ job burnout. The path analysis showed job stressors positively influenced job burnout via coping styles, and the value of mediating effect was 60.9%（0. 218/0. 424）. Conclusions The relationship between job stressors and job burnout among contract nurses was mediated in part hy coping styles. Interventions should be developed on the basis of influence path to reduce job burnout with the aim of stabilizing nursing staff team.