基于刚体模型的铁道车辆曲线运动轮轨力分析

Analysis of Wheel-Rail Force of Railway Vehicle on Curve Track Based on Rigid Body Model

针对目前借助复杂的车轨动力学仿真计算铁路线路曲线段轮轨力存在计算量大的问题,在分析铁道车辆曲线通过时运动学关系基础上,忽略车辆摇头和点头运动的影响,构建仅包含垂向、横向和侧滚运动3个自由度的刚体模型;利用质心运动定理和对质心的动量矩定理,建立车辆动力学基本方程组,由此推导出任意超高、任意线型条件下,以线路参数(平面曲线曲率、超高和轨距)和车辆结构参数(车辆质心到轨顶面距离和车辆对质心的回转半径)表达的轮轨力计算式及近似解,从而能较为高效地实现不同线路条件下铁道车辆曲线运动轮轨力预测。

Aiming at the problem of large amount of calculation in wheel-rail force of railway curve section with the aid of complex dynamic simulation of vehicle track, on the basis of analyzing the kinematic rela- tionship of railway vehicle during curve negotiation, ignoring the influence of vehicle yawing and pitching, a 3-DOF rigid body model was established considering only the vertical, lateral and roll motions. By using the theorem of the motion of center-of-mass and the theorem of the angular momentum of center-of-mass, the governing equations of vehicle dynamics were formulated. Thus, under the arbitrary superelevation and alignment conditions, the formulas and approximate solutions for wheel-rail force and the expressions were deduced, which were expressed by line parameters （plane curve curvature, superelevation and track gauge） and vehicle structural parameters （the distance from vehicle center of mass to rail top and the turning radius of vehicle to the center of mass）. So it can be more efficient to realize the wheel rail force prediction of railway vehicle on curve track under different line conditions.