20世纪50年代上海市的外来农村劳动人口及政府管理

An Inflow of Farmers and the Governmental Management in Shanghai in the Late 1950s

20世纪50年代,大量外地农村劳动力流向上海,而且规模越来越大,到1959年达到顶峰。这些流入的人口,大体分为来沪劳动谋生和投奔亲友两种类型,他们主要来自江苏、安徽和浙江等省,其中以苏北扬州地区为多。大量外来农村劳动力的流进,影响了上海的社会生活秩序,尤其是给粮食供应、社会治安以及政府管理带来了很大压力。对此,上海市政府不得不采取社会动员、遣送劳动力回乡和严格管理探亲人员等措施,以控制农村人口的流入。

Each of the 10 years after the founding of the People＇s Republic of China witnessed an increasingly large inflow of farmers to Shanghai, with its peak in 1959. The inflowing population con- sisted chiefly of those who came to Shanghai to make a living or live as dependents of relatives, and some rickshaw pullers and boatmen. They came mainly from Jiangsu, Anhui and Zhejiang provinces, especially from Yangzbou in northern Jiangsu. The flooding of these migrant laborers seriously affect- ed the industrial and agricultural production and the social order and brought great impact on the city＇s food supply, social security and government management. To stop this, the Shanghai government had to take measures to control the inflow of the rural population, such as the social mobilization, repatriation and strict management for visiting family.