超大型集装箱船参数横摇全面校核与安全评估

Comprehensive calculation and safety assessment of parametric roll of very large container ship

[目的]由于超大型集装箱船在波浪中稳性高的变化较为显著,对其参数横摇校核与安全评估要求较高,因此,[方法]基于参数横摇模式,针对在迎浪中航行的某10 000 TEU集装箱船,对其各个装载状况逐一并逐级进行计算。自主开发基于典型弱非线性三自由度模型的数值预报方法,对不满足第2层衡准要求的载况进行时域模拟,并综合考虑航速、波况的影响,全面探索其可能发生参数横摇的工况。[结果]根据衡准结果,得出相应的安全性评估与规避措施:降低重心高度、适当提高航速、尽量避免船舶横摇固有周期约等于2倍遭遇周期等均能有效避免参数横摇的发生。[结论]对10 000 TEU集装箱船进行的参数横摇全面校核评估能够更好地指导超大型集装箱船的总体设计,提高安全水平,具有较高的工程应用及参考价值。

As the significant variation of GM in waves for very large container ships, strict demands are raised for this ship type in the evaluation and safety assessment of parametric roll. Targeting a 10 000 TEU container ship sailing in head sea, this study conducts a series of calculations and evaluations on parametric roll motion in which each loading condition is calculated step-by-step. Direct calculation is conducted if neither Level 1 nor Level 2 is satisfied. In this paper, an independently developed time-domain simulation is conducted for loading conditions that fail to match the Level 2 criteria, which is based on a typical 3-DOF weakly nonlinear numerical model. Ship velocity and wave conditions are taken into consideration to explore sensible conditions concerning parametric roll. Finally, according to the results, corresponding safety assessments and several avoidance measures are proposed, such as reducing the height of the center of gravity and raising the speed moderately. In addition, if wave predictions can be detected in advance, the circumstance of the natural rolling period being twice as great as the encountering period should be avoided, which is the most sensible factor for inducing parametric roll. Comprehensive calculation and checking for the 10 000 TEU ship can instruct the general design and improve safety for very large container ships; as a result, remarkable engineering applications and reference value can be recognized.