牛病毒性腹泻病毒生物型的遗传基础

Genetic Basis of the Biotype of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus

牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)是黄病毒科、瘟病毒属成员,主要引起牛免疫抑制、腹泻及繁殖障碍,是影响全球养牛业的重要致病原。根据BVDV在体内对细胞的致病性,目前普遍将其分为2种生物型。不同生物型的基因结构及分子致病学机制明显不同,病毒基因变异可能产生新的生物型致病。我们简要综述BVDV生物型与基因结构及疾病发生之间的关系。

Bovine viral diarrhea virus（BVDV）, a member of Pestivirus of very important veterinary significance, is now becoming a major pathogen and causes substantial economic losses every year to global cattle industry. Infections with BVDV usually cause diarrhea and reproductive disorders and other health problems resulting from immunosuppression. Biologically, BVDV could be divided into two biotypes according to its pathogenicity to the cells in vitro. Complex genetics variations and post-translation processing of the viral proteins constitute the mechanisms of biotype development. And the knowledge in this field will help us to predicate the evolution of the pathogenicity of the virus and to make comparable strategy to control the disease. In this paper we reviewed the advances in research figuring out the relationship of biotype, pathogenicity and gene variation of BVDV.