河内控制权的流转与汉献帝初年的政局演变(190—199)

Transfer of Control Right of Henei and Political Situation in the Early Period of the Emperor Hanxian

初平元年,由于复杂的权力格局,河内方向的讨董战事失利。为克服冀州牧韩馥的掣肘,袁绍北移,迫使韩馥出让冀州。在争夺冀州的过程中,袁绍与公孙瓒结为死敌,并州人张杨趁机据有河内,并获得凉州集团认可。作为军事缓冲地带,张杨控制下的河内成为关东、关西交通的重要孔道。而在关键时刻,张杨本人以粮食为筹码,促成汉献帝重返旧京。为制衡张杨,权臣杨奉引入曹操势力,终使曹操挟天子以令诸侯,曹、袁矛盾日益激化。建安三、四年之交,曹操擒杀吕布,袁绍亦灭公孙瓒。在各灭大敌的背景下,曹操谋夺河内,张杨被杀,曹、袁决战随即启幕。

In the first year of Chu Ping, Henei was ostensibly the center of alliance for crusading against Dong Zhuo, but the complex power structure of Henei led to the failure. Hereafter Yuan Shao developed northward to seize Ji Zhou, Zhang Yang from Bing Zhou occupied Henei, and was accepted by the Liang Zhou Group. As a buffer zone, Henei under the control of Zhang Yang became an impor- tant channel for communication between Guandong and Guanxi. Afterwards, in the process of the Em- peror Hanxian＇ s returning to the former capital, Zhang Yang played a positive role because of his spe- cial status of governing the road to Luo Yang. In the transitional period between the third and the fourth year of Jian An, Cao Cao planned to explicitly fight with Yuan Shao, and the struggle for Henei was the harbinger of a decisive battle.