古全浊仄声字在晋陕甘宁中原官话里读作送气清声母的类型学考察

A Topological Survey of the Ancient Voiced Characters of the Second,Third and Fourth Tones in Central China Mandarin in Shanxi,Shaanxi,Gansu and Ningxia Read as Aspirated Voiceless Initials

将古全浊仄声字在晋陕甘宁中原官话里读作送气清声母的方言分为晋南深度型、渭南次深度型、宝鸡中度型、永寿次中度型、西安浅度型五种类型。所讨论的既是中古汉语西北方音的层次问题,又是文白异读问题,大致读作不送气为文读,读作送气为白读,文白异读又常常牵涉词汇底层问题。另外,远离城关的乡镇全浊仄声送气字比较多。最后,对晋陕甘宁中原官话的全浊仄声送气字进行了量化分析。

The ancient voiced characters of the second, third and fourth tones in central China mandarin in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia read as aspirated voiceless Initials can be divided into the five categories of Jinnan depth type, Weinan secondary depth type, Baoji moderate type, Yongshou secondary moderate type, and Xi＇ an shallow moderate type. What is discussed is not only the issue of dia- lectal status, but also an issue of literary and colloquial pronunciations. Roughly, being read as the unaspirated type belongs to literary pronunciation, while being read as the aspirated type belongs to colloquial pronunciation. The two kinds of pronunciations often involve the underlying problem of vocabulary. In addition, the areas far away from the town proper pronounced as voiced aspirated words more often. Finally, a quantitative analysis was made of the voiced aspirated characters of the second, third and fourth tones of central China mandarin in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia.