淮河干流基于生态流量的目标鱼类选择研究

Establishment of target fishes for ecological flow in the main stream of Huaihe River

基于目标物种的生境需求,确定合理的生态流量过程对河流生态系统保护和修复至关重要.与以往主观选择珍稀鱼类或者主要经济鱼类作为推求生态流量的目标物种不同,从产卵环境和摄食环境等方面对淮河干流目标鱼类的筛选进行研究,运用层次分析法构建判断矩阵,计算各备选鱼类的排序权值,筛选淮河干流对生境要求具有代表性的目标鱼类.结果表明,鳊鱼对淮河干流水生生物的生境需求具有较好代表性,可作为淮河干流生态流量估算的目标鱼类.本研究为缺失珍稀特有物种的河流如何选择用于生态流量计算的目标生物,提供了一种有效的方法.

Reasonable ecological flow based on biological indicator is crucial for river ecosystem health and restoration. Selection of biological indicator, often being the target fishes, is of great importance. Differentiating from the traditional way of choosing the target fishes, which was directly using the rare or economic fish, objective approach was applied in this study. Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） was utilized to construct the judgment matrixes, obtaining the order weight values of the selected fishes and screening for the target fishes. This made sure that the target fishes were representative for habitat requirement on Huaihe River. The results show that Parabramis pekinensis might be used as a target fish for calculating ecological flow because it could represent hydrological requirement for aquatic biology in the main stream of Huaihe River. This study provided a promising method for target species selection in the rivers where Rare and endemic species are unavailable.