主体与客体之关联——《波提切》中的形而上学与环境保护

Subject-Object Engagement: Metaphysics and Environmental Protection in Patricia Grace's Potiki

在小说《波提切》中,毛利族女作家帕特里夏·格雷斯描写了毛利社群对一种势必割裂人类社群与自然环境之间联系的资本主义的抵制,而本民族原有文化传统则为这种抵制提供了一种参考。小说中毛利族众人物与客体世界之间保持一种既直接又可在主体间分享的主客体关系,这种关系将周遭环境化为一个与社群的历史和生活息息相关的"过渡现象"场域。由此生成的对生活环境的共同依恋为他们抵制生态掠夺式资本主义提供了支持。毛利社群的精神取向也表明,关于什么是此世美好生活的形而上学并没有被解域的资本主义所耗尽,而仍有能力构想人的社群与自然如何和谐共存的愿景。

In the fiction of New Zealand Maori writer Patricia Grace,literary characters are often portrayed as consciously feeling the Maori cultural past as endowing an ethos of its own on their quotidian lives,especially in the face of another socially dominant culture.Her novel Potiki(1986)demonstrates how an indigenous cultural tradition provides a binding,collective purpose in the postcolonial struggle against a capitalism that tends to sever the bond between human communities and their natural environments to the detriment of both.