我国农业经营主体的历史演变与发展方向

The Historical Evolution and Development Direction of Agricultural Management Subject in China

在几千年的历史进程中,我国一直以小农作为农业生产经营主体。这种小农经营方式经历了长期的演变过程,采取了各种不同的具体形式。目前,我国实行的农户承包经营仍是一种带有浓厚小农经济色彩的农业经营方式。在当代中国,应在马克思主义基本原理指导下,坚持社会主义方向,适应我国国情与农业现代化的发展要求,构建新型农业合作经营体制,实现从小农经营方式向现代农业经营方式的根本性转变与历史性飞跃。为此,必须实现农业经营方式合作化与农场化,在土地股份化与共同占有的基础上,实行股份合作农场的经营方式。这是我国农业经营主体的发展方向,也是发展新型农业经营方式的有效途径。

In the course of thousands of years of history, small farmer has always been the subject of agricul- tural production and management. This small - scale farming approach has undergone a long process of evolu- tion, taking a variety of specific forms. At present, China＇s implementation of the farmers contracted manage- ment is still an agricultural management mode that is similar to the small farmer management mode. In contem- porary China, under the guidance of the basic principles of Marxism, we should adhere to the socialist direc- tion, adapt to the development requirements of China＇s national conditions and agricultural modernization, construct a new agricultural cooperative management system, and realize the fundamental transformation from the mode of small - scale agriculture to modern agriculture. To this end, we must achieve the cooperative agri- cultural management mode. On the basis of the shareholding and common possession of the land, the mode of share cooperative farm must be implemented. This is the development direction of China＇s agricultural manage- ment subject, and also an effective way