摘要
传统史学多将1587年2月苏格兰玛丽女王的死刑视为其悲剧人生的落幕,但此死刑执行的运作与后续的威廉·戴维森审讯,实系都铎后期政权从内廷转移至政府的过程中,伊丽莎白一世与男性官僚为争夺政策主导权而引发的一次公开冲突。以枢密院为首的男性官僚基于对女性统治的忧虑,一方面以男性主导之政府讯息及情报系统弱化女王的政策参与;另一方面,重申英格兰君臣共治的宪政传统,抬升枢密院至共主地位,企图将女性统治"调整"回传统的男性政治秩序。因此,玛丽之死并不仅仅是一场王位斗争的终结,而是凸显了近代早期英格兰从王权政治迈向国家政治的政权转型。
This article aims to discuss a scholarly controversy over the Elizabethan polity—whether it was governed by personal rule or was a monarchical republic—by examining the Privy Council’s decision to execute Mary Queen of Scots without Queen Elizabeth I’s knowledge in February 1587.It will present Elizabeth’s comparative incapacity in her ministerial circulation of news,information,and intelligence.It will also explain the reasons why the Council isolated their Queen from the execution:the traditional concept of female inferiority,the Protestant appeal for a mixed rule,and the ministers’antipathy towards Elizabeth’s irresolution.These three elements strengthened Elizabethan ministers’self-identity as godly counselors,consequently leading to a silent transformation in early modern England,'from an age of dynastic politics to one of national politics.'
出处
《文史哲》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第3期77-89,共13页
Literature,History,and Philosophy
