我国煤化工废水处理关键工艺解析

Research on the Key Technology of the Coal Chemical Industrial Wastewater Treatment in China

介绍了国内煤化工废水的处理现状,煤化工废水的处理工艺主要包括初级废水的处理、生化处理、深度处理、回用处理以及浓盐水处理。初级废水的处理是为生化处理作准备,而深度处理是对生化处理的继续和补充,回用处理是将废水处理至能满足企业生产需要的水质,浓盐水处理是实现煤化工废水"零排放"的最终环节。认为煤化工废水生化处理的高效性和稳定性是保证煤化工废水处理设施正常运行的核心环节,同时,浓盐水处理过程中实现结晶盐的分质资源化是实现煤化工废水"零排放"后的发展方向和研究重点。煤化工废水以其高污染性成为是制约煤化工产业可持续发展的瓶颈,而煤炭资源与水资源的逆向分布又使得煤化工企业对水的重复利用水平提高到前所未有的高度。

The treatment status ofenal chemical industrial wastewater in China was introduced in this paper, the treatment processes of the coal chemical wastewater mainly contained primary wastewater treatment, biodegradable treatment, advanced treatment, reuse treatment and brine treatment, in which, primary wastewater treatment made preparations for the biodegradable treatment, and the effluent of biodegradable treatment would be further treated in the advanced treatment, the purpose of the reuse treatment was to provide qualified water for the producing departments while the aim of brine treatment was to reach the final purpose of the zero liquid discharge. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the highly efficient performance and the stability of the biodegradable treatment was the key process which ensured the successful operation of the wastewater treatment. It was thought that the re-utilization of the salt in the brine treatment was the development trend and future research focus when the wastewater zero liquid discharge has been realized. Coal wastewater with high pollution has become the bottleneck of the coal chemical industry sustainable development, and the water reuse has been markedly improved by the coal chemical industries for the unsymmetrical distribution of the resources of coal and water.