消费主义视域下的美国后现代文学童话

American Postmodern Literary Fairytale in the Context of Consumerism

文学童话自出现之日起,就处于与内部的文类传统和外部的客观现实持续、动态的互动之中。后现代童话也不例外,除了持续地与经典童话、民间传说、神话等进行互文对话之外,也始终处于与后现代消费主义意识形态既共谋又批判的辩证关系之中。一方面,消费主义意识形态为后现代童话的兴盛提供了灵感来源与读者保证,市场化的原则体现在童话从创作到发行的各个环节之中;另一方面,后现代童话因其作为上层建筑所具有的相对独立性又可以游离于现实之外,通过对消费社会中的各种问题的反思,呈现消费主义意识形态的固有矛盾,引发读者对社会现实以及个体生存的深入思索。

Ever since its emergence, literary fairytale has been in a constant and dynamic dialogue with both its generic tradition and the extratextual reality. This also holds true for postmodern literary fairytale. In addition to a constant intertextual dialogue with myths, classic fairy tales and folklorie tradition, postmodern fairytale is also in a dialogic relationship with consumerism which informs it. This relationship can be dialectically interpreted as being complicit as well as resistant, cooperative as well as subversive. On the one hand, consumerism provides both inspiration and market for postmodem fairy tales. Commodification is manifest in the production and distribution of literary works; on the other hand, the relative autonomy literary works enjoy make it possible for postmodern fairy tales to keep detached from reality, and meanwhile reflect on the consumer society, make visible the inherent contradiction of consumerism ideology, and urge the readers to think critically about life and existence.