美国政治话语的隐喻架构模式建构研究——以布什和奥巴马的环保演讲为例

A Study of Constructing Metaphorical Framing Model of American Political Discourses:The Cases of Bush's and Obama's Speeches on Environmental Protection

本文以布什和奥巴马的四篇环保演讲为例,基于概念隐喻理论和架构理论,分析了其中的概念隐喻、表层和深层架构,研究发现:布什和奥巴马均使用了旅程、舞台等概念隐喻,但前者侧重单边外交、经济利益至上等架构;而后者侧重多边外交、经济和环保并重等架构,这与两党最根本的道德价值观吻合。文章还从建构的视角归纳出环保等重大议题的隐喻架构模式为:道德价值观→基本原则→议题蕴含的概念隐喻、深层架构→隐喻表达、表层架构→推论→叙事角色。

This paper analyzes the conceptual metaphor, surface and deep frames in Bush＇s and Obama＇s environmental protection speeches within the framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Framing Theory. It is found that： Similar Metaphors such as JOURNEY, STAGE were both used in Bush＇s and Obama＇s speeches; The former focused more on frames of UNILATERAL DIPLOMACY and ECONOMIC INTERESTS FIRST, etc., while the latter focused more on MULTILATERAL DIPLOMACY, ECONOMY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BEING EQUALLY IMPROTANT, which was congruous with the fundamental morality of Republicans and Democrats. On the basis of the analysis this paper summarizes the Metaphorical Framing Model of major American issues like environmental protection as ＂morality→basic principles→conceptual metaphors and deep frames→metaphorical expressions and surface frames→inference→narrative role＂ from the perspective of construction.