黄淮白山羊兴盛期毛囊和皮肤组织结构的观察

Observation of tissue structure characteristics of the follicle and skin of Huanghuai white goat in a prosperous period

为观察黄淮白山羊兴盛期毛囊和皮肤组织结构特点,选用成年黄淮白山羊10头,于腹部、胸部、背部通过皮肤活体采样器取其组织,40 g/L多聚甲醛磷酸盐缓冲固定,制作组织切片,经HE和SACPIC染色,观察不同部位皮肤组织结构特点,并测定初级毛囊密度、毛囊深度、毛球宽度,计算毛囊活性。结果表明,表皮的角质层、颗粒层、棘细胞层和基底层结构分界不清晰,真皮层中的毛囊层(乳头层)和网状层分界明显,背部真皮层最厚,腹部最薄。兴盛期初级毛囊在背部毛囊深度与胸部和腹部比较差异显著(P<0.05)且背部毛囊深度最深。毛球宽度表现为背部比胸部和腹部宽,且与胸部和腹部比较差异显著(P<0.05),但毛囊密度和毛囊活性比较,胸部、腹部和背部差异不显著(P>0.05);胸腹部皮肤可见较多的初级和次级毛囊,毛囊周围分布有较多的皮脂腺,2~3个初级毛囊和多个次级毛囊共同构成毛囊群。背部皮肤次级毛囊较少,皮脂腺开口于初级毛囊上段,有较多单层立方上皮细胞组成的单管状汗腺。在毛囊间平行或成束排列有较多的胶原纤维,是黄淮白山羊具有较好皮质的形态学基础。

To observe the tissue structure characteristics of Huanghuai white goat＇s anagen follicle skin,10 Huanghuai white goats were chosen,and the skin tissue was taken using intravital samples form the abdomen,chest and dorsal,and fixed by 40 g/L paraformaldehyde in phosphate buffer. Tissue sections were made by HE and SACPIC dye,the tissue characteristic of different parts was ob- served by microscopy,and primary hair follicle density,hair follicle depth,hair bulb width and hair follicle activity was calculated. In result,the skin boundary was not clear in the stratum corneum, stratum granulosum,stratum spinosum and stratum basale,while the boundary of hair follicle layer （papillary layer）and reticular layer were obvious. The back dermis was the thickest,and abdomen dermis thickness was the thinnest. The depth of dorsal hair follicle had significant difference com- pared with the chest and abdomen（P〈0,05）,and hair follicles depth was deepest in the dorsal. The dorsal hair bulb was wider than the chest and abdomen（P〈0. 05）,had significant differences comparing with the chest and abdomen（P〈0.05）.There were no significant differences between the chest and abdomen in the density of hair follicle and activity of hair follicle（P〈0.05）. Many primary and secondary follicles were observed in the chest and abdomen,distributing the sebaceous gland around the hair follicles,and two or three primary follicles and more than secondary follicles constituted hair follicle groups. The dorsal skin had less secondary follicles,and the sebaceous glands opened in the primary follicles upside. There were many simple cuboidal epithelium cells consisting of single tubular sweet glands. Collagenous fiber presented parallel or bundle arrangement between hair fol- licle,and this structure was the morphological basis that the Huanghuai white goat had good leather quality.