撤点并校政策、父母外出务工与我国农村地区儿童辍学

Closing and Merging Schools Policy,Parental Migration and Children's Dropout in Rural China

基于中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据,采用DID方法研究了撤点并校政策和父母外出务工对我国农村地区儿童辍学的影响。实证分析结果表明:撤点并校政策显著降低了农村地区儿童辍学的概率;母亲外出务工对儿童辍学有显著的负面影响,而父亲外出务工和父母均外出务工却对儿童辍学影响不大。此外,父母受教育程度越高、家庭人均收入越多的农村地区儿童越不容易辍学;家庭规模越大和家庭拥有土地越多的儿童辍学的可能性越高。我国农村地区儿童的教育问题仍值得关注,政府应积极采取相应措施降低农村地区儿童辍学率。

Based on the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey（CHNS）, using the Difference- in-difference model to analyze the impact of closing and merging schools policy and parental mi- gration on children＇s dropout in rural areas of China. The results of the empirical analysis show that closing and merging schools policy greatly reduces the probability of children dropout in rural areas. Mother present have a significantly negative impact on children＇s dropout, while father present and parent present have no significant effect on children＇s dropout. In addition, we also find that a higher parental education and average family income mean a lower dropout chance for children; the children with rural household registration are more likely to drop out from school than the children with urban household registration, whereas the number of have contributed to a much higher dropout probability. Our results indicate that government should take corresponding measures to reduce the dropout rate of children in rural areas.