木栓质组成成分、组织化学特性及其生物合成研究进展

Research Progress on Constituents, Histochemical Characteristics and Biosynthesis of Suberin

木栓质是一种植物次生代谢产物,是以甘油为基础的多聚脂类和多聚酚类物质的聚合物,定位于细胞壁和质膜之间,主要分布在根皮层和茎的次生边界组织中,可以降低细胞水分和营养物质的外流,限制病原体的入侵,阻碍有毒气体向内扩散。近年来,随着人们对果蔬贮藏和植物抗性的关注,对木栓质的研究越来越深入,尤其是代谢相关酶及基因功能研究。该文系统阐述木栓质组织化学、生物合成及其相关酶和基因的研究动态,介绍木栓质的生理功能,总结木栓质组成物质的转运、聚合及其堆积调控等,以期为木栓质的深入研究和开发利用提供参考。

Located between the cell wall and plasma membrane as a secondary metabolite, suberin typically distributes in rhizodermis and the boundary tissue of stems. Based on glycerol, suberin is a heteropolymer composed of polya-liphatics and polyaromatics, and it could slow the outflow of water and nutrient substance, limit pathogen invasion and prevent toxic gas from diffusing to plants. Recently, with people＇s focus on the storage and processing of fruits and vegetables, as well plant resistance, the research in suberin is increasing, especially in the aspects of metabolic enzymes and corresponding genes and the metabolite＇s function. In this paper, we elaborate the research progress in suberin his- tochemistry, the biosynthesis pathway as well related enzymes and genes. We introduce recent advances in the transport of suberin components intracellularly and to the cell wall, polymer assembly, and the regulation of suberin deposition and present the research development of suberin physiological function. This research is expected to provide significant information for further research and application of suberin.