美国选举腐败的主要形式及成因

Major Forms and Causes of Election Fraud in the US

选举竞争不但勾心斗角,选举腐败也层出不穷。美国参与选举腐败的行为主体有集体性的利益团体,也有单独作案的个体选民,在腐败形式上表现为故意制造选民缺席投票、贿买选票、选举作假等。美国选举中的腐败问题是钱权交易系统化过程的表现,政治献金成为催生选举腐败的重要推手。虽然美国从立法上对选举中的政治献金作了比较严格的限制,但在司法实务中受到联邦法院判决的影响,政治献金一直未能从选举腐败中杜绝,利益的牵扯及利益集团的操控导致美国的选举腐败禁而难止。

Election campaigns involve nasty schemes against each other as well as prevalent corruptions. Subjects involved in election-fraud include organized interest groups and individual voters as well. Corruption takes many forms： absentee ballot, vote buying, and election rigging etc. Election fraud in the US is the progress of systemization of exchanges between money and power, with political donations contributing a large portion to corruption. Legislatively restricted to a great extent as it is, political donations are influenced by the Federal Court in judiciary practices, making it impossible to uproot them from elections. Prohibited as they are, manipulations from interest groups can＇t be removed.