福利经济学视角下城市存量空间密度调整优化研究

Built-Up Area Density Adjustment From Perspective Of Welfare Economics

在当前国内主要城市均已划定城市规模、锁定城市增长边界的背景下,对城市密度进行调整优化是实现存量规划目标的重要手段。文章采用福利经济学的分析方法,以社会福利最大化和城市土地开发收益在不同阶层之间的帕累托最优为目标,构建社会福利、无谓损失与城市密度分别在有容积率控制和无容积率控制下的一般均衡模型;结合城市发展过程对城市存量空间密度补偿机制进行动态分析,提出未达到市场均衡密度状态的存量地区可以作为城市更新改造过程中进行密度补偿的区域;未来重点应在旧城边缘区、新城边缘区和城郊区三个圈层通过差异化的密度调整策略实现存量规划时代社会福利的最大化及开发收益的再分配。

As major cities define urban growth boundaries, density adjustment is important in realizing visions of built-up area planning. Based on welfare economics method and Pareto Optimal vision of different stakeholders, this paper establishes general equilibrium models in correlation with FAR control. The model includes elements of social welfare, deadweight loss, and urban density compensation. This paper holds that areas of density below equilibrium can be compensated, and periphery of old town, new town, and city are major areas of density adjustment for maximization and redistribution of social welfare.