动式吸入甲醛对雄性小鼠生殖系统的影响

Effects of dynamic inhalation of formaldehyde on the reproductive system of male mice

目的:探讨吸入不同浓度的气态甲醛对雄性小鼠生殖系统的影响。方法:将30只性成熟期健康雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、甲醛染毒1~4组,每组6只。对照组小鼠吸入空气,其他4组小鼠吸入的空气中甲醛的浓度分别为(0.18±0.06)mg/m^3、(0.55±0.13)mg/m^3、(1.08±0.27)mg/m^3、(4.14±1.68)mg/m^3,每天染毒8 h,共30 d。染毒结束后检测小鼠血清性激素水平、计算睾丸脏器系数、进行精子计数和精子畸形率检测。结果:各剂量甲醛染毒组小鼠与对照组相比,在血清性激素水平、睾丸脏器系数以及精子数量上无明显差异,但在精子形态上甲醛染毒3组、4组小鼠精子畸形率明显高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。相关性检验显示,甲醛染毒剂量与精子畸形率呈显著正相关(r_s=0.784,P<0.05)。结论:亚急性吸入1 mg/m^3或以上浓度的甲醛可能造成雄性小鼠生殖系统损伤。

Objective：To observe the effects of inhaling different concentrations of gaseous formaldehyde on the reproductive system of male mice.Methods：Thirty healthy adult male mice were randomized into 5 groups（n=6 for each）.Four groups were exposed to gaseous formaldehyde inhalation in different dosage[（0.18±0.06）mg/m3,（0.55±0.13）mg/m3,（1.08±0.27）mg/m3,and（4.14±1.68）mg/m3,respectively],8 h daily for consecutive 30 days,and another group was included as controls treated with normal air exposure.Then serum sex hormone levels,organ coefficients of testis,sperm count and abnormality rate were measured and calculated in all mice.Results：There was no significant difference in serum sex hormone levels,organ coefficients of testis and sperm count between formaldehyde exposure groups and control group,and yet mice treated with higher formaldehyde dose（group 3 and 4） had significantly higher sperm abnormality rate than the controls（P〈 0.05,P〈0.01,respectively）.Correlation test indicated significantly positive correlation of formaldehyde exposure dose with sperm abnormality rate（rs=0.784,P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Subacute inhalation of formaldehyde in dose of 1mg/m3 or over may cause damage to the reproductive system of male mice.