抚河中下游流域缺水情况及典型年研究

Research on Water Shortage Situation and Typical Year in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Fu River

抚河水量支撑着抚河流域的用水安全,尤其是人口密集、工农业较为发达的抚河中下游流域。通过对水文资料以及其他资料的整理分析,当前抚河中下游流域的缺水干旱呈现以下情况:近10 a来的降雨量有所偏少,干旱缺水频发;年内枯水期和后汛期(农业用水高峰期)均出现缺水问题;持续的社会发展使得对用水的需求保持高位,水资源供需问题不容乐观;年内最低水位下降的现象反映缺水干旱问题有所加重;流域内水利工程调节能力有所提高,但仍显不足。另外,对缺水期抚河径流量和降雨量进行频率分析,分别得出了频率曲线和典型年,2种方法得出的规律较为一致,因土壤前期含水量差异的原因,部分典型年有所差异。

Water safety is supported by the Fu River, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Fu River, where the population is dense, meanwhile, industry and agriculture are relatively developed. Through the analysis of hydrological data and other statistical data, the situation of water shortage in the middle and lower reaches of the river is the following： Over the past ten years, the rainfall is few, and shortage oceurres frequently. Water shortage oeeurres in the dry season and agricultural peak period. Sustainable social development makes the demand for water remain high. The water problem is not optimistic ; Decline of the lowest water level during the year reflectes the deteriorating of water shortage. The regulation ability of water conservancy project has been improved over the past years, but it is still not enough. In addition, the frequency curve and part of typical years are obtained through the frequency analysis of the runoff and rainfall. The laws of the two methods are relatively consistent. Due to the difference of antecedent soil water content, some typical years are different.