导游职业演化与女性导游职业发展规划

Career Evolution of Guide and Career Development Planning of Female Guides

近年来学界对导游职业化的研究颇多,但对导游职业和导游职业演进规律的研究则相对较少。该研究在访谈和问卷调查的基础上,归纳出导游职业演化的六个阶段:发生期、保育期、蜜月期、竞逐期、调整期和消亡期。发现在调整期游客对导游的依赖程度变得越来越低,导游职业对相关职业的依赖程度却变得越来越高,导游职业长期积聚的问题和困难加剧了导游职业内部的演化,"网约导游"的出现既是导游职业演化的必然结果也是职业调整期导游职业演化的重要标识。在职业调整期,女性导游凭借自身独特的性别优势,做好职业发展规划,将会赢得广阔的发展空间和更多的就业机会。

There are quite a lot of researches on the professionalization of tour guides in the academic fields, but few researches on the relationship between the tour guide occupation and its professionalization. Based on the interview and questionnaire survey, author sums up six stages of the career evolution of the tour guide occupation： the occurrence period, the care period, the honeymoon period, the struggle period, the adjustment period and the extinction period. It is found that in the adjustment period tourists become less and less dependent on the tour guides, and the tour guide occupation becomes more and more dependent on related occupations, long-term accumulation of problems and difficulties in the tour guide occupation finally catalyzes for and intensifies internal evolution of this occupation. In the adjustment period, on the specific background of the birth of the ＂booking a tour guide through a network＂, by taking their gender advantages, female tour guides will win broad space for development and more employment opportunities.