甘蔗宿根性研究 I.甘蔗宿根蔗蔸形态特征与其宿根性的关系

Research on Ratoon Ability of Sugarcane I. Relationship between Ratooning Ability and Morphological Characteristics of Ratoon Stools

【目的】本文研究了甘蔗宿根蔗蔸形态特征与甘蔗宿根性的关系。【方法】采用大田生产模式种植,以来自同一亲本组合(粤糖97-20×ROC25)杂交后代分离产生的强宿根甘蔗品(种)系(云蔗06-407、云蔗06-415)和弱宿根甘蔗品(种)系(云蔗06-408、云蔗06-416)为材料,强宿根甘蔗品种新台糖22号为对照。【结果】强宿根甘蔗较弱宿根甘蔗的宿根蔗蔸死亡率低,地下蔗茎的平均节间距小,新植蔗、宿根蔗的有效分蘖数多,其中宿根蔗的第二和三分蘖形成的有效分蘖数优势显著,且宿根蔗地下总芽数多,主茎下位芽形成的有效分蘖数和主茎总有效分蘖数明显增多。【结论】综合分析宿根性强弱不同的甘蔗表明,宿根蔗蔸形态特征与甘蔗宿根性存在关系密切,通过宿根蔗蔸形态特征研究,可深入了解甘蔗宿根性。

[ Objective] The relationship between the ratoon ability and morphological characteristic of ratoon stools were studied. [ Method ] An outfield experiment containing 4 clones of a sugarcane family Yuetang97-20 × ROC25 and a good ratoon cuhivar ROC22 was conducted. Among 4 clones, YZ06-407 （ released in 2013 ） and YZ06-415 were good ratooning, and another 2 offspring YZ06-408 and YZ06-416 were poor ratooning. [ Result ] As compared with poor ratooning clones, the result indicated that good ratooning clones had much lower dead stool rate, much shorter underground internodes, and much higher number of effective tillers, of which more second and third class tillers contribu- ting to millable stalks at both plant and ratoon crop, significantly higher number of underground buds. The underground bud of their primary stem generated much higher numbers of both effective tillers and total tillers. [ Conclusion] Comprehensive analysis of good rationing and poor rationing sugarcane showed that the ratoon ability and morphological characteristic of ratoon stools were closely related. It was good for stu- ding ratoon ability.