不同温度下赤霉素与硫脲对马铃薯原原种休眠及芽形态的影响

Effects of Gibberellin and Thiourea on Dormancy and Bud Morphogenesis of Pre-basic Potato under Different Tempertures

【目的】探讨不同温度处理下赤霉素(GA3)与硫脲对马铃薯原原种休眠及芽形态的影响。【方法】以费乌瑞它与川芋117的原原种为试验材料,采用三因素裂区试验设计。【结果】结果表明:马铃薯原原种的休眠期与休眠幅度在4℃(7 d)→25℃处理下最长,在25℃与室温处理下差异不显著。浓度为1.0%与1.5%的硫脲在降低原原种腐烂率方面具有显著效果;川芋117芽的生长速度快于费乌瑞它,相较CK,GA3与硫脲均能使芽生长加速,其中10 mg/L GA3处理下的芽最长;顶芽直径只受温度影响,费乌瑞它均表现为25℃芽最粗。【结论】贮藏温度、化学试剂和温度对原原种的休眠期、休眠幅度、芽形态具有显著影响,且存在互作效应。实际应用中,应针对品种特性进行特定温度下的不同化学处理更有意义。

[ Objective ] The article aims to explore the effects of Gibberellin （ GA3 ） and Thiourea on dormancy and bud morpbogenesis of pre- basic potato under different temperatures. [ Method] Pre-basic seed of cultivars Favofita and Chuanyu 117 were used as experimental materi- als which was designed as there factors split experiment design. [ Result] Compared to 25 ℃ and room temperature treatments, the dormancy period was longer under 4 ℃ （7 d） →25 ℃ treatment. The dormancy period was not significant different between 25℃ and room tempera- ture treatments. The concentration of thiourea was 1.0 % and 1.5 % both effectively reduced the tuber rotting rate. Buds of Chunyu 117 grew faster than Favorita. Compared to CK treatment, GA3 and thiourea could speed up bud growth and the buds were longest under 10 mg/ L GA3 treatment. Bud diameter was only affected by temperature. The buds of Favorita were the thickest under 25 ℃ treatment. [ Conclusion] Dormancy period, dormancy amplitude and bud morphogenesis were significantly affected by tempertures, chemical reagents and tem- perture. Interaction effects were observed between temperatures and chemical reagents. In the progress of practical application, according to euhivars features ,it is more meaning to adopt different chemical reagents in a certain temperature.