海拔对毛竹林土壤水分物理性质及叶SPAD值的影响

Effects of Altitude on Soil Water-physical Properties and SPAD Value of Phyllostachys edulis

【目的】为了解海拔对毛竹林土壤水分物理性质及竹叶SPAD的影响。【方法】在河北省崇阳县选择2个海拔梯度的毛竹林进行了对比研究,分析其土壤容重、空隙状况、持水性能和叶片SPAD的差异。【结果】随着海拔的升高,土壤容重呈下降的趋势,而土壤孔隙状况(非毛管孔隙度、毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度)和持水性能(最大持水量、毛管持水量和最小持水量)均呈增加的趋势。随着土层的加深,土壤容重增加,而土壤孔隙状况和持水性能下降。海拔对容重、毛管持水量和最小持水量影响显著;土层对容重、最大持水量影响显著。I度竹SPAD值表现为低海拔<高海拔,而II度和III度竹则表现为低海拔>高海拔;土壤水分物理性质中,容重、毛管持水量和非毛管孔隙度对毛竹叶片SPAD值的影响较大。【结论】海拔梯度造成了土壤水分物理性状的差异,对毛竹生长有一定影响。本研究区高海拔土壤水分物理性质较低海拔可能更适合毛竹分布。

[ Objective] The study aims to understand the effect of altitude on soil-water physical properties and leaf SPAD value in Phyl- lostachy edulis forest. [ Method ] Two Phyllostachys edulis forests in Chongyang county of Hubei Province were selected and their soil bulk density, porosity conditions, water holding capacities and leaf SPAD value were analyzed. [ Result] With the increase of altitude, soil bulk density decreased, while soil porosity conditions and soil water holding capacities increased. Along the soil depth, soil bulk density in- creased, while soil porosity conditions and soil water holding capacities showed contrary trend. Altitude had significant effect on bulk densi- ty, capillary moisture capacity and minimum moisture capacity; and soil layer had significant effect on bulk density and maximum moisture capacity. SPAD value of I degree bamboo were bigger at high altitude, however, tbat of 13I and III degree were opposite. Bulk density, capil- lary moisture capacity and non-capillary porosity had greater influence on SPAD value than others. [ Conclusion ] Altitude caused the differ- ence of soil water-physical properties and had a certain effect on growth of bamboo. Compared with low altitude, the soil water-physical prop- erties may more sustainable for P. edulis distribution in this research region.