身份认同、社会资本与商业拓展——马来西亚的中国回族商人个案研究

Identity,Social Capital and Business Development:A Case Study of Chinese Hui Merchants in Malaysia

论文基于社会资本的理论视角,考察了马来西亚中国回族移民的概况,以中国回族移民在马来西亚从事纺织品业、旅游业和教育中介业的商人及企业为个案,考察中国回族商人如何在马来西亚的多元族群社会及政治经济环境中协商、重构并利用其"中国人"与"穆斯林"的身份,积极建立并维护社会关系网络,获取并积累社会资本。研究显示,马来西亚的社会背景因素,连同中国回族移民基于宗教认同与族群认同而建立的在当地的社会网络以及与中国的跨国网络,从中获得商业合伙人的信任、政府的支持以及社会资源,成为了促进中国回族移民在马来西亚商业发展的社会资本。

Based on social capital theory, this paper examines the situation of the Chinese Hui nationality migrants in Malaysia. Based on several Chinese Hui Merchants and enterprises who engaged in textile industry, tourism and education intermediary industry in Malaysia as examples, this research examines how the Chinese Hui Merchants use their dual identities as ＂Chinese＂ and ＂Muslim＂ in multi-ethnic Malaysia and its political and economic environment to establish and maintain local social networks and acquire and accumulate social capital. In addition, this study manifests that the social background of Malaysia, together with the Chinese Hui nationality migrants＇ religious identity and ethnic identity, establishes the local social network and the Chinese transnational network. This establishment acquires trust of the business partnership, the government＇s support and social resources. It has also become a social capital that promotes the development of Chinese Hui nationality migrants＇ business development in Malaysia.