感性、历史和自由:马克思实践范畴的三重维度

Sensibility,History and Liberty:Three Dimensions of Marx's Practical Category

马克思的实践范畴,蕴含了"感性、历史和自由"三重维度。在感性维度中,现实的个人活动出场预设了实践哲学的转向,物质基础确定了实践的普遍性原则,感性活动总体性运动保证了感观世界的统一;在历史维度中,解释了劳动生产过程中内在物质关系以及生产所释放的人与人的关系,发现了人受物质形成的资本控制的现实,历史的展开也是生产过程的展开过程;在自由维度中,面对世界本身的感性起点的确定,以及对实践生产过程的肯定和生产积累过程中实现人对生产资料的真正占有。整体性地把握马克思实践范畴的三重维度,实践范畴的内在意蕴便能够完全地展现出来,自由的实践过程也随之展开。

Marx＇s practical process contains three dimensions including perceptual, history and freedom. In the perceptual dimension, relativistic personal activities appearance presets the diversion of the practical philosophy. The material foundation confirms the practical universality principle, perceptual activities in the collectivity motion guarantees the union in the sensorial world. Historical dimension explains that in the process of the labor production, the internal material relationship and liberate the relationship between different people by the production. It finds that human is affected by the reality which is the formation of substances with capital and controlled. The development of the history is also the process of the development to the production. The achievement of the liberal dimension is based on confronting the establishment of the original sensibility in the world and affirmation of the practical productive process and human can own the means of production authentically in the accumulation. Mastering the three dimensions in the basic fundamentals of Marxism integrally can absolutely express the totality of the practical category besides the practicing process will unfold.