ICU患者转出时家属内心体验的质性研究

Qualitative research on psychological experiences of family members during patient transferred from intensive care units

目的探讨ICU患者转出时家属的内心体验,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用目的抽样法选取即将转出ICU患者的直系家属12名,进行个人面对面半结构式深度访谈,运用Colaizzi现象学研究法对访谈内容进行整理分析。结果提炼出4个主题:转出期望与应激压力并存,因意识到患者依然危重而焦虑,感知到治疗环境及护理模式的转变,照顾能力自我效能感水平低。结论患者转出ICU时,家属有较大的心理压力,与治疗环境改变、照护知识缺乏有关。ICU医护人员应提高对家属的关注度,及时给予评估并干预,以维持家属对患者的良好照护能力。

Objective To understand the psychological experiences of family members of patients transferred from intensive care unit to the ward and to provide information for target interventions. Methods Face-to face, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 family members of patients transferred from ICU to evaluate their experiences. Data were analyzed using Colaizzits method of phenomenological analysis. Results Four main themes were identified： expectations coexisted with stress, anxiety re lating to patient＇s critical condition, anxiety resulting from changed medical environment and nursing mode, and low self-efficacy in caregiving. Conclusion Family members experience high stress during patient transferred from ICU. It is caused by leaving a protected environment and lack of caregiving knowledge. Healthcare providers should pay attention to stress of family members and provide interventions, thus to maintain their caregiving ability.