大理白族扎染的工艺变革与创新

Reform and Innovation of Tie Dyeing Technology of Bai Nationality in Dali

大理白族扎染技艺是现存为数不多的防染工艺之一。文章以大理喜洲镇周城村的白族扎染制作工艺为研究对象,通过梳理大理国家级非物质文化遗产项目白族扎染技艺的工艺流程,重点分析了白族扎染的针法、纹样、草木染三方面的内容。在此基础上,分析影响白族扎染工艺创新的因素。最后结合现实需要,从艺术学的角度探讨了白族扎染创新的依据及途径,即结合其他门类的艺术形式,对扎染技艺工艺变革与创新进行可行性分析。大理白族扎染独具特色的审美价值和艺术特征承载着当地民众的造物思想和审美情趣,从扎染承载的传统文化内涵出发,进行多元化融合,对其他民间技艺、现代综合实验艺术有参考与借鉴作用。

The tie dyeing technology of Bai nationality in Dali is one of the rare existing dye-resistant technologies. This paper takes the tie dyeing fabrication technology of Bai nationality in Zhoucheng Village of Xizhou Town in Dali as the study object, settles the technological process of the national intangible cultural heritage project - tie dyeing technology of Bai Nationality, and focuses on the analysis of three aspects of tie dyeing technology of Bai nationality： stitches, patterns and vegetation dyeing. On this basis, it analyzes the factors which affect the innovation of tie dyeing technology. In the end, in combination of the practical needs, it discusses the bases and approaches of tie dyeing reform and innovation of Bai Nationality from the perspective of arts. In other words, feasibility analysis is conducted for reform and innovation of tie dyeing technology by combination of other art forms. The unique aesthetic value and artistic characteristics of tie dyeing of Bai Nationality in Dali carry the creation idea and aesthetic taste of local people. Starting from the traditional cultural connotation carried by tie dyeing, this paper conducts diversified integration, so as to provide reference for folk crafts and modern comprehensive experimental art.