中国小黄黝鱼种群遗传结构和分化研究

Population structure and genetic divergence of Micropercops swinhonis

小黄黝鱼(Micropercops swinhonis)是广布于中国长江及北方各水系的一种小型淡水虾虎鱼类。本研究采集了来自松花江(哈尔滨)、辽河(沈阳)、海河(北京)、黄河下游(濮阳)、高邮湖、长江水系(邵阳资水、洪湖、荆州、靖江市、巢湖、太湖、郎溪、洞庭湖)和云南腾冲的88个样品。通过分析线粒体细胞色素b(Cyt b)和控制区D-loop基因序列的变异研究小黄黝鱼不同地理种群的相互关系,并探讨其遗传结构和物种分化。Cyt b和D-loop的序列串联共得到63个单倍型,133个变异位点。AMOVA、SAMOVA、网络图以及贝叶斯建树分析结果都支持将其分为邵阳资水种群(A种群)、太湖种群(B种群)、其他地区种群(C种群)3个差异较大的分支,其中C种群又大致可以分3个子种群。错配分布分析表明靖江(Fu’s FS:-4.119,P=0.009)和洪湖(Fu’s FS:-2.814,P=0.016)两地的种群历史上发生过种群扩张。

Micropercops swinhonis is a freshwater sleeper widely distributed in the Yangtze River drainage and other main drainages in northern China. We collected individuals from Songhua Jiang, Liao He, Hai He, the lower drainage of Yellow River （Puyang） , Gaoyou Hu and the Yangtze River drainage （ Shaoyang Zishui, Honghu, Jingzhou, Jiangjiang, Chaohu, Taihu, Langxi and Dongting Hu）. Population genetic structure and divergence of M. swinhonis among different areas were investigated by analysing the sequences of mitochondrion cytochrome b （cyt b） and control region （D-loop）. Concatenating sequences of cyt b and D- loop of 88 individuals resulted in 63 haplotypes and 133 variable sites. AMOVA, SAMOVA, analysis of haplotype network and phylogenetic reconstruction all supported splitting M. swinhonis into three groups： Shaoyang （ Zishui ; clade A）, Taihu （ clade B） and the population of other areas （ clade C）, which could be further divided into three subclades. Mismatch distribution revealed that populations from Jingjiang （ Fu＇ s FS： -4. 119, P =0. 009） and Honghu （Fu＇ s FS： -2. 814, P =0. 016） probably experienced a recent expansion.