南京宁镇山脉南支蕨类植物区系及园林应用

Fern flora on the southern branch of Ningzhen Mountains in Nanjing and its garden application

【目的】了解南京宁镇山脉南支蕨类植物区系及生态类型,分析蕨类植物在园林景观配置中的应用型。【方法】以南京将军山为对象,通过野外调查和室内标本鉴定等方法统计出该区蕨类植物种类,分析了该地蕨类植物区系的组成和分布区类型,并将该区系与其他蕨类植物区系的相似性系数、综合系数及物种丰富度进行了比较,最后总结了将军山蕨类植物的生态类型及其园林应用。【结果】南京将军山地区共计有蕨类植物19科24属33种;区系综合系数为0.442,物种丰富度指数最高,为25.54。该区蕨类植物优势科为金星蕨科,没有明显的优势属,具有古老性和残遗性的特征。将军山蕨类植物区系与浙江龙王山、江苏云台山蕨类植物区系关系近,与安徽黄山、河南高乐山蕨类植物区系关系比较近,与江西庐山蕨类植物区系关系比较疏远。根据蕨类植物的生境和分布,将军山蕨类植物可分为浮水、石生及土生共3种生态类型。【结论】南京将军山蕨类植物区系组成比较丰富,具有热带向温带过渡的特征,东亚分布物种在该区系占有主要优势。该区观赏蕨类植物资源较为丰富,但是许多观赏价值较高并有应用前景的蕨类植物还未被认知和开发利用。

[Objective] An investigation was carried out for a better knowledge to fern flora on the southern branch of Ningzhen Mountains in Nanjing and analysis of ferns in garden application. [ Method ] We counted fern species on the southern branch of Ningzhen Mountains with a case of Jiangjun Mountain by the methods of wild investigation, specimen cofleetion and indentification, meanwhile we analyzed fern flora composition, areal-types and compared integrative coefficient, similarity coeffiecient and species richness of the flora and other floras, and finally we analyzed ferns ecological types in the flora as well as their application in garden. [ Result ] There were a total of 33 fern species belonging to 24 genera and 19 families in the flora, whose integrative coefficient was 0. 442, and species richness index was 25.54, which was the maximum. The dominant family consisted of Thelypteridaceae, while there was no dominant genera in this flora, which was ancient and relic. The flora was closely related with Longwang Mountain in Zhejiang and Yuntai Mountain in Jiangsu, and less closely related with Huangshan Mountain in Anhui and Gaoleshan Mountain in Zhejiang and distant with Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi. According to the habitat and distribution of ferns in the flora, they can be divided into hydrophytes, lithophytes and terrestrial. [ Conclusion ] The fern resourecs in Jiangjun Mountain was relatively abundant, and the flora occupied an characteristic of transition from subtropical to temperate zone, and the areal-type of East Asia possessed a main advantage in the flora. Additionally, ornamental ferns were relatively abundant in the flora, but many of species with high ornamental value and application prospects still have not been recognized and exploited.