9种风传杂草种子的扩散能力及传播策略

Dispersal Ability and Spread Strategy of Nine Species of Weed Seeds

[目的]研究9种风传杂草种子的扩散能力及传播策略。[方法]以9种杂草种子为试验材料,研究其传播能力(沉降速度、水平移动距离)及其与种子形态结构之间的相关性。[结果]就9种种子整体而言,种子的沉降速度与水平移动距离呈极显著负相关。菊科植物种子的沉降速度与果长、毛长呈正相关,而禾本科植物种子的沉降速度与二者呈负相关;菊科植物种子的水平移动距离与果长、毛长呈负相关,而禾本科植物种子的水平移动距离与二者呈正相关,说明菊科植物和禾本科植物种子的传播策略不同,而这种传播策略往往与植物本身生存环境有关。禾本科植物具有横向传播优势。[结论]该研究可为深入了解种子的传播机制以及杂草的入侵防治提供理论依据。

[ Objective] To study the dispersal ability and spread strategy of nine species of weed seeds. [ Method ] Nine species weeds were used as test materials to study the spread abilities （falling speed,horizontal dispersal distance）and their correlation with seed morphological structures. [ Result] The falling speed of 9 species of weed seeds had significantly negative correlation with horizontal dispersal distance. The falling speed of Compositae seeds had a positive correlation with fruit length and fur length,while the falling speed of Gramineae seeds had a negative correlation with fruit length and fur length. The horizontal dispersal distance of Compositae seeds had a negative correlation with fruit length and fur length, while that of Gramineae seeds had a positive correlation with fruit length and fur length. These results indicated that the spread strategy of Gramineae seeds and Gramineae seeds were different. [ Conclusion] The research can provide theoretical basis for understanding the dispersal mechanism of seeds and weed control.