长期定位施肥对小麦产量及土壤肥力的影响

Effects of Long-term Located Fertilization on Wheat Yield and Soil Fertility

[目的]探讨长期施用不同肥料对土壤小麦产量与土壤养分的影响。[方法]于2005—2015年进行长期定位施肥试验,对不同施肥方式下小麦产量以及土壤养分指标进行检测,研究不同施肥方式对小麦产量与土壤肥力的影响。[结果]长期定位施肥可以使作物增产;单施有机肥、无机化肥在提高小麦产量上效果相当,差异不大;无机-有机肥混合施用可增产78.6%,效果显著。施肥可以有效提高土壤有机质、速效磷、碱解氮与速效钾含量,有机肥可更有效地提高土壤有机质与速效钾含量。[结论]该研究为小麦科学施肥提供理论依据。

[ Objective ] To explore effects of the long-term located fertilizationr on wheat yield and soil nutrient. [ Method ] Through long-term fertilization experiment in 2005 -2015, the indexes of soil nutrient and wheat yield under different fertilization modes were tested, and effects of different fertilization ways on wheat yield and soil fertility were explored. [ Result ] The fertilization could effectively increase the wheat yield, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer could increase wheat yield, the effect was not obvious difference. In view of the soil nutrient, fertilization could effectively increase the soil organic matter, available phosphorus, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and phosphorus, potassium content, organic fertilizer could be more effective to increase soil organic matter and available potassium content. [ Conclusion ] The study can provide theoretical basis for wheat scientific fertilization.