论莫言《生死疲劳》的美学张力

The Aesthetic Tension of Mo Yan'S Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out

"张力"是指文学文本中互相矛盾冲突的因素在对立相反中又互相作用,在相互的渗透中彰显文学独特的艺术魅力。在此意义上,《生死疲劳》可以说是莫言在小说技术美学方面的集大成之作。莫言在《生死疲劳》中塑造了三组张力,在丰富文本的同时表达现代诉求:多元化的叙述视角所形成的巨大张力贯穿小说始终,彰显了作者力图祛蔽政治迷雾以还原历史真实面目的追求,隐喻着怨恨与欲望终将归于平静的人生真谛;人物形象塑造的张力蕴含着作者对荒诞历史与复杂人性的反思;狂欢化语言的背后充盈着对现实人性扭曲的人类世界的反讽,狂欢与反讽之间的张力体现了莫言对一段荒诞暴力历史的深重讽刺。

Tension means the interaction of contradictory factors in the literary texts functioning on each other in opposing ways, and the unique artistic charm of literature is thus brought out by those factors interpenetrating each other. Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out by Mo Yan, a masterpiece of his viewed as a convergence of fiction aesthetics and writing skills on this regard, perfectly displays three types of artistic tension which reflect the author＇s demands expression. The huge tension formed from narrative perspective and the transformation throughout the novel to manifest the theme of the novel. The author tries to use it to restore historical truth and express the true meaning of life that hatred and greed should be discarded. Besides, tension formed from characters reflects the writer＇s deep introspection of the absurd history and the complex humanity. The orgiastic language of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out satirizes the distortion of human nature. The tension formed from the language arts reflects the writer＇s irony for its ridiculous essence. Objectively speaking, Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out is best valued because it＇s full of artistic tension.