清代满汉合璧文献中的“V1着(O)V2”构式

The "V1着(O)V2" construction in the Manchu and Chinese Bilingual literatures in Qing Dynasty

清代前期的北京话中,"V1着(O)V2"格式使用频率高于以往,结构类型已趋于完备,满汉合璧语料中V1的开放程度更大,结构更复杂,语义更多样,[+持续性]并非进入V1的唯一标准,这些是受到满语影响的结果。从满汉对勘可知,"V1着(O)V2"对译满语并列副动词词缀-me、顺序副动词词缀-fi和持续副动词词缀-hai/-hei/-hoi。满语副动词的状位功能推动了连动式"V1着(O)V2"向偏正式谓语成分的发展演变,同时推动了"着"方式义的发展。"V1着(O)V2"格式大量使用,进一步弱化了V1的动作性。

In the Beijing dialect of early Qing dynasty, the ＂V 1~ （O）V2＂was much more frequently used than before and it also graded into perfection in structure type. In the Manchu and Chinese bilingual literatures, the ＂V 1＂ was of greater openness in degree, complexity in structure and diversification in meaning. What＇s more, [＋con- tinuous] was not the sole standard to get into the ＂VI＂, all above were the results of the Manchu effects. On the ba- sis of the Manchu and Chinese bilingual literatures study, we find that the ＂VI^（O）V2＂ construction corresponds to the Manchu affixes. The Manchu adverbia~ verb has promoted the evolution which the serial verb construction ＂V1着 （O）V2＂ evolves to the modifying predicate and the development of the manner of ＂着 ＂. We also find that the ac- tion of V 1is weakened owing to the extensive use of the ＂V1着 （O）V2＂.