新生儿重症感染性肺炎的病因与抗感染治疗

Etiology and anti-infection treatment of severe infectious pneumonia in neonate

新生儿感染性肺炎的发病率和病死率在新生儿感染性疾病中占第一位，是新生儿死亡的主要原因之一。重症肺炎时可引起多脏器炎性反应及功能障碍。新生儿重症感染性肺炎的发病原因主要与病原体感染和新生儿免疫力低下有关，其中接触病原体引起感染的途径主要有出生前、出生时和出生后感染。细菌是新生儿重症肺炎的首位病原，以革兰阴性菌为主要致病菌；院内获得性感染则多为产酶菌和多重耐药菌感染。治疗的关键是合理的抗感染治疗。

The morbidity and mortality rate of neonatal infectious pneumonia take the first place in neonatal infectious diseases. Neonatal infectious pneumonia is also one of the main causes of neonatal death. Severe pneumonia could cause multiple organ inflammatory reaction and dysfunction. The etiology of neonatal severe infectious pneumonia is mainly exposure to pathogen and neonatal hypoimmunity. The passways indu- cing infection include prenatal,intrapartum and postpartum infection. Bacteria is the first pathogen in neonatal severe pneumonia and Gram-negative bacteria is the main pathogenic bacteria. The main bacteria of hospital acquired infection are enzyme production and multiple drug-resistant bacteria. Key treatment is reasonable anti-infection treatment.