优秀女子撑竿跳高运动员助跑起跳技术运动学分析--以安徽省运动员宋婷婷为例

Kinematics Analysis of Song Tingting's Run-up and Take-off Technique of Elite Female Pole-vaulter in Anhui Province

通过对安徽省国际健将级女子撑竿跳高运动员宋婷婷撑竿跳高助跑阶段最后一步与插穴起跳的运动学特征进行分析以及从运动力学角度对其进行技术评价,促进其技术水平的提高。采用现场拍摄方法对宋婷婷技术动作进行拍摄,应用德国SIMI Motion解析软件对录像进行数据处理分析。得出研究结论:宋婷婷的起跳时间达到世界优秀水平运动员起跳时间技术范围之内;宋婷婷助跑最后一步步速为8m/s;宋婷婷在起跳过程中身体重心水平速度损失较大,垂直速度增加较多;宋婷婷身体重心腾起角度相对偏大;起跳着地时刻宋婷婷的膝关节角度155.32°,而在起跳离地时宋婷婷的膝关节弯曲度较大,反映出她的下肢力量较差,同时没有明显幅度变化的送髋动作,要避免屈髋现象发生;宋婷婷在离地时刻上手臂握竿肩关节角度较小,在起跳离地时刻下握手臂没有充分紧张屈肘发力支撑;与国际高水平运动员相比,宋婷婷倒数第一步步速较慢,这就需要加强助跑快速加速训练。

The research object of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of the female pole vault athlete Song Tingting in Anhui Province from the last step of the pole vault high jumping stage and the jumping-off of the pole vault and to evaluate it from the perspective of kinemat- ics. The aim is to promote the technical level. In this pa- per, the motion of Song Tingting was recorded by using the scene shooting method, and the data processing was ana- lyzed by SIMI Motion software. The conclusion of the re- search： Song Tingting＇s take-off time reaches within the technical range of take-off time of the world＇s elite level athletes ;The last step of Song Tingting run-up speed is 8m/s;In the process of take-off, the horizontal velocity of Song Tingting＇s body gravity is larger, and the vertical ve- locity increases; Song Tingting＇s body center of g^a, dty flight angle is relatively large;At the moment of take-off, her knee angle was 155.32 degrees, and she had a greater degree of knee flexion when she left the ground, this re- flected that her knee flexion is very great, while no signifi- cant changes in the hip movement. Hip flexion phenome- non should be avoided ;She did not have enough grip arm elbow flexion force support at the time of departure. Com- pared with the international high level athletes, Song Tingting＇s last step is slow, it is necessary to strengthen the run-up training.