美国体育课程标准对青少年体育素养要求的解析及启示

Analysis and Enlightenment of the American Sports Curriculum Standards for Youth Physical Literacy Requirements

运用文献资料法、文本研究法,以美国2013年颁布的基于体育素养的K-12体育课程标准为切入点,分析美国课程改革的时代背景,阐述体育素养的概念、属性以及在学校体育中的内容,试图为我国体育课程改革提供借鉴。美国体育课程标准基于体育素养定位体育课程目标,将课程目标转变为对具备体育素养个体的要求,课程改革已探寻出一条新思路。美国体育课程标准对青少年体育素养的要求表现在:重视运动技能和知识的习得;注重社会适应能力的提高;强调强筋骨、健体魄。今后我国要进一步定位体育课程目标;完善课程内容体系,加强各学习水平的衔接性;建立体育素养多元评价体系,增强评价的可操作性。

Through multiple research methods, including literature study, text analysis, with the American National Standards for K - 12 Physical Education in 2013 as a starting point which is based on physical literacy, analyzes the background of the American curriculum reform, ex- pounds the concept, attributes, as well as its content in physical education regarding tempts to provide reference fo form in China. The American physical literacy, and at- r the sports curriculum re- sports curriculum standards locates the sports curriculum objectives based on physical literacy,turning the sports curriculum objectives into re- quirements for individuals with physical literacy. Curricu- lum reform, consequently, has explored a new way. The re- quirements of American sports curriculum standards for youths＇ physical literacy are as follows：attention to the ac- quisition of sports skills and knowledge;emphasis on the improvement of social adaptability ; focus on strong phy- sique, and fitness. In the future, China should further lo- cate the objectives of sports curriculum;consummate, the system of curriculum content;strengthen the cohesion of various learning levels;establish a multi-evaluation system of physical quality, and enhance the operability of evalua- tion.