人口老龄化背景下我国退休年龄影响因素

Factors Influencing the Retirement Age in China under the Background of Population Aging

随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高,人口预期寿命不断提高,人口老龄化形势严峻。人口老龄化的发展对劳动者退休年龄提出了挑战,我国现行的退休年龄已经不能适应当前社会的发展,必须要结合我国经济社会发展的实际情况进行合理的政策规划。本文对以往学者有关退休年龄影响因素的研究成果进行梳理和总结,把影响退休年龄的主要因素分为经济变量因素与非经济变量因素,分析发现居民消费价格指数、人均受教育年限、城市人口就业率、在岗职工人均工资及人口自然增长率对于退休年龄的影响最为重要。同时,结合我国国情和退休年龄的实际情况,对确定合理的退休年龄问题进行了深入思考,希望对我国设计退休年龄方案具有一定的参考意义。

with the development of economy and the improvement of living standard, the life expectancy of the people is increasing and the aging of population is serious as well. The development of population aging poses a challenge to the employee retirement age. Our current retirement age has been unable to meet the social development and requires reasonable policy re - planning based on the actual situations of economy and society of current China. A review of the previous research on the retirement age finds that factors affecting the retirement age include economic variables and non economic variables, among which the most important ones are the consumer price index, the average number of years of education, city population, employment rate, per capita wages of workers and the natural population growth rate. Finally, combined with the actual conditions and the retirement age of our country, the author makes a deep thinking on the determination of the reasonable retirement age.