考虑优先权规则的自动化码头穿越式双ASC调度

Considering priority rules in optimization of passing twin automated stacking cranes in automated terminal

自动化堆场起重机(ASC)的调度对于提高自动化堆场设备的作业效率至关重要。针对穿越式双ASC的调度优化问题,考虑集装箱任务组的时间窗约束和ASC之间可能发生的冲突,建立了多目标混合整数规划模型。为了解决在同一贝位上任务之间的冲突,提出了8条优先权规则,将优先权赋予评分高的任务,并通过算例对模型的实用性进行检验,对模型参数的变化设计了3组实验。实验结果表明:当作业任务的数量到达16时,采用优先执行海侧任务的优先权分配规则(R4)所产生的作业成本均低于采用其他规则产生的作业成本,并且增长速率和波动幅度均较小。当任务中存取比例和海陆侧比例均趋近于1时,作业成本、重载成本和空载成本会达到最小,作业成本相比其他情况减少了4%~16%。在实际操作中,当存取任务数量和海陆侧任务数量相差较小时,对发生冲突的任务采取R4规则,可以优化整个作业过程并达到成本趋于最小化的目的。

Scheduling of automated stacking cranes( ASC) is very important to improve the working efficiency of the depot equipment. For the scheduling optimization problem of cross-over twin automated stacking cranes,a multi-objective non-linear mixed integer programming is developed by considering the time window constraint of the same task groups and the conflicts between two ASCs while reaching the same bay. Eight priority rules to avoid the happening of the conflict at the same bay is proposed and priority to score high task is given. The practicability of the model is examined by designing three set of experiments with different parameters. The experimental results illustrate that when the amount of operating tasks is 16,preferentially implementing rules of the sea side task generated by the operation costs are lower than in other rules of operation cost,and the growth rateand volatility are smaller. When the access ratio and the sea-land ratio is close to 1,the total cost,the loaded cost and the no-load cost approaches to the minimum and work cost reduces 4% ~ 16%.Two conflicting ASC will get minimum costs by preferentially implementing rules of the sea side task( R4). In the actual use of cross-ASC system,the number of access tasks and the land and sea side tasks close to 1,while the conflict of priority tasks to take the priority of the sea side tasks,it can optimize the entire operation process,and operating costs and to minimize the cost of no-load.