民国时期豫西匪患的社会应对研究

Social Reaction to Banditry During Period of Republic of China in Western Region of Henan Province

民国时期豫西地区土匪问题异常严重,极大地威胁着乡村社会的生产生活秩序和政府的统治。面对土匪的屡屡侵扰,社会中不同群体的态度和应对措施是不同的。乡村社会为了不受土匪侵害,采取了逃亡、通匪、对抗等多种方式,总体上比较灵活;北洋政府和国民政府由于政局纷乱,社会动荡,难以有效地根治匪患,故而采取剿抚兼施、以匪治匪等方式来求得社会的暂时安定;中共和人民政府在全国革命即将取得胜利的前夕,通过发动广大人民群众,以军事清剿和政治宣传相结合的方式一举清除了在豫西横行长达半个世纪的土匪势力。

In the era of the Republic of China, The bandit problem in the western part of Henan Province was very serious, and severely threatened the social order of rural production and life as well the rule of the government. In the face of the frequent bandit intrusion, the attitudes and response undertakings against the banditry differed from one social group to the other. To prevent the rural society from bandit intrusion, various approaches were taken, such as fleeing from home, collaborating with bandits, resistance, etc. , which were generally characterized by flex-ibility. Due to political chaos and social instability, the existing Northern Government and Nanjing National Gov-ernment failed to effectively eradicate the banditry. Nevertheless, they adopted alternative ways of annihilating and pacifying, instigating one group of bandits to control the other, etc. , to achieve a temporary peaceful society. On the eve of the revolutionary victory of whole country, the Communist Party and the government wiped out the bandit forces that had been rampaging in western Henan Province for over half a century by mobilizing the broad masses and utilizing the way of military elimination combined with political propaganda work.