惠州口岸进境粮谷外来杂草调查与监测

Investigation and monitoring of alien weeds in imported grain shipments at Huizhou port,China

【目的】随着国际农产品贸易的发展,外来杂草入侵我国的形势越来越严峻。对惠州口岸进境粮谷外来杂草进行调查与监测,能够为惠州口岸进境粮谷检疫监管工作提供参考。【方法】通过实地调查、监测,对惠州口岸进境粮谷厂区及周边外来入侵杂草的种类组成、分布、生活型、原产地、入侵途径和危害程度进行了分析。【结果】惠州口岸进境粮谷厂区及周边外来杂草有12科28种,其中,检疫性杂草有4种。在外来入侵杂草中,菊科植物种类最多,生活型以一年生草本为主;原产地以美洲为主,主要以无意引入,有7种杂草较严重危害当地生态环境。【结论】首次调查和总结了惠州口岸进境粮谷厂区及周边外来入侵杂草的名单和类别,提出了外来杂草口岸防控的建议。

[Aim] With the development of international trade of agricultural products, exotic weed invasions has become more and more serious in China. We Investigated and monitored the alien weeds in imported grain shipments at Huizhou, in order to portpropose recommendations of control and management measures against alien weed in Huizhou port.[Method] Based on field surveys, monitoring and literature review, this paper summarises the composition, distribution, life forms, regions of origin, invasion routes and damage of alien invasive weed species intercepted at Huizhou port.[Result] We found 28 species from 12 families of alien invasive plant species, including 4 quarantine species, in and around the import grain storehouse areas of Huizhou port. Species in the Compositae family had the highest percentage of invasive weeds species, most of which originated from the Americas and were introduced unintentionally by humans; annual herbs were the dominant life form. There were 7 species with great potential threat to the local ecological environment.[Conclusion] This study is the first comprehensive survey, and produced a list of invasive weeds in imported grain storage areas.